✓✗Two sentences are given below. Choose the word or phrase that can be used to combine them into a single meaningful sentence without changing their meaning.
I. The irrigation project was approved.
II. Funds for it were not released for over a year.

✓✗The following sentences are given in jumbled order. Choose the sequence that arranges them into a meaningful paragraph.
(A) They liked her neat work and fair prices.
(B) Lakshmi started a small tailoring shop at home.
(C) At first, only her neighbours gave her orders.
(D) Today she has three helpers and many regular customers.
(E) Soon they told their friends about her.

✓✗Read the sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical or idiomatic error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (e), i.e. 'No error'. (Ignore errors of punctuation, if any.)
This mobile phone is (a)/ inferior than (b)/ the one (c)/ I bought last year. (d)/ No error (e)

✓✗Read the sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical or idiomatic error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (e), i.e. 'No error'. (Ignore errors of punctuation, if any.)
The new committee (a)/ set up by (b)/ the bank last month (c)/ comprises of seven officers. (d)/ No error (e)

✓✗Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Since pumping costs them almost nothing, farmers have little reason to save water.
B. Those who cannot afford to deepen their wells are the first to be hit, which defeats the very purpose of the subsidy.
C. In many states, it has had an unintended result.
D. Some states are now trying a different approach: they pay farmers for every unit of power they do not use.
E. Wells are run for long hours, and the water table falls a little lower each year.
F. Free or cheap electricity for farm pumps was meant to help small farmers.

Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?

✓✗Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Since pumping costs them almost nothing, farmers have little reason to save water.
B. Those who cannot afford to deepen their wells are the first to be hit, which defeats the very purpose of the subsidy.
C. In many states, it has had an unintended result.
D. Some states are now trying a different approach: they pay farmers for every unit of power they do not use.
E. Wells are run for long hours, and the water table falls a little lower each year.
F. Free or cheap electricity for farm pumps was meant to help small farmers.

Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement?

✓✗Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Since pumping costs them almost nothing, farmers have little reason to save water.
B. Those who cannot afford to deepen their wells are the first to be hit, which defeats the very purpose of the subsidy.
C. In many states, it has had an unintended result.
D. Some states are now trying a different approach: they pay farmers for every unit of power they do not use.
E. Wells are run for long hours, and the water table falls a little lower each year.
F. Free or cheap electricity for farm pumps was meant to help small farmers.

Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?

✓✗Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Since pumping costs them almost nothing, farmers have little reason to save water.
B. Those who cannot afford to deepen their wells are the first to be hit, which defeats the very purpose of the subsidy.
C. In many states, it has had an unintended result.
D. Some states are now trying a different approach: they pay farmers for every unit of power they do not use.
E. Wells are run for long hours, and the water table falls a little lower each year.
F. Free or cheap electricity for farm pumps was meant to help small farmers.

Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement?

✓✗Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. Since pumping costs them almost nothing, farmers have little reason to save water.
B. Those who cannot afford to deepen their wells are the first to be hit, which defeats the very purpose of the subsidy.
C. In many states, it has had an unintended result.
D. Some states are now trying a different approach: they pay farmers for every unit of power they do not use.
E. Wells are run for long hours, and the water table falls a little lower each year.
F. Free or cheap electricity for farm pumps was meant to help small farmers.

Which of the following should be the SIXTH (LAST) sentence after rearrangement?

✓✗In the following sentence, four words are marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Which of the following pairs of words should be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful? If no interchange is required, choose 'No interchange required'.
The students (A) of our school has banned mobile lessons (B) in classrooms because she believes they distract principal (C) from their phones (D).

✓✗In the following sentence, a phrase is given in brackets. Choose the option that should replace the bracketed phrase to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If the bracketed phrase is correct, choose 'No replacement required'.
He spent money freely [as if he is a millionaire], though he earned a modest salary.

✓✗In the following question, Column I has three sentence beginnings (A, B, C) and Column II has three sentence endings (D, E, F). Choose the option that gives the correct combination(s), each forming a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.

Column I	Column II
(A) The road is too narrow	(D) that two men were needed to lift it.
(B) The box was so heavy	(E) for two buses to pass each other.
(C) He did not have enough money	(F) to pay the hospital bill.

✓✗The parts of a sentence are given below in jumbled order and labelled (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Choose the sequence that forms a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.
(A) went off at night
(B) because the power
(C) her assignment
(D) could not finish
(E) she

✓✗In the following sentence, five words are marked (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). One of them is used incorrectly or is inappropriate in the context. Choose that word.
The bank (A) agreed (B) to wave (C) the processing fee for women (D) entrepreneurs (E).

✓✗Two sentences are given below. Choose the word or phrase that can be used to combine them into a single meaningful sentence without changing their meaning.
I. The audit is complete.
II. The final accounts can be published.

✓✗In the following sentence, there is a blank. Choose the word that best fills the blank to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct.
The municipal body plans to _____ the old bridge with a wider and stronger one.

✓✗In the following sentence, there are two blanks. Choose the pair of words that best fills the blanks in the same order to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct.
Medical experts have _____ the public not to panic, saying that the new strain of the virus is _____ dangerous than the earlier ones.

✓✗In the following sentence, four words are marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Which of the following pairs of words should be interchanged to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful? If no interchange is required, choose 'No interchange required'.
Doctors say that regular sleep (A) is as important as a balanced body (B) for keeping the mind (C) alert and the diet (D) healthy.

✓✗Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct and meaningful.
Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?

✓✗In the following sentence, there are two blanks. Choose the pair of words that best fills the blanks in the same order to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct.
The shopkeeper was _____ for selling medicines after their _____ date.

✓✗Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the word given in brackets, as used in the sentence.
Small traders were [apprehensive] about the new tax rules.

✓✗In the following passage, some words are given in brackets and numbered. Each bracketed word may or may not be appropriate in the context of the passage. Choose the word that should replace it to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. If the given word is appropriate, choose 'No replacement required'.
Honeybees do far more than make honey. As they move from flower to flower, they carry pollen that helps plants form fruits and seeds. Crops such as mustard, sunflower and apples give far better harvests when bees are [(1) absent]. Farmers who keep a few boxes of bees near their fields therefore gain [(2) nothing]: they sell honey and wax, and their crop output improves.
    Bee-keeping also suits small and landless farmers, because it needs little land and a limited investment. With some training, a family can [(3) manage] twenty or thirty boxes alongside its other work, and many self-help groups now sell honey under their own labels.
    Bee populations, however, are under pressure. The careless spraying of pesticides [(4) nourishes] bees as they feed, and the loss of wild flowering plants leaves them with less food. Experts advise farmers to spray only when it is truly necessary and to do so in the evening, when the bees have [(5) left] to their hives. Simple steps of this kind can protect these tireless workers, on whom so much of our food depends.

Which word should replace the word in bracket (1)?

✓✗In the following passage, some words are given in brackets and numbered. Each bracketed word may or may not be appropriate in the context of the passage. Choose the word that should replace it to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. If the given word is appropriate, choose 'No replacement required'.
Honeybees do far more than make honey. As they move from flower to flower, they carry pollen that helps plants form fruits and seeds. Crops such as mustard, sunflower and apples give far better harvests when bees are [(1) absent]. Farmers who keep a few boxes of bees near their fields therefore gain [(2) nothing]: they sell honey and wax, and their crop output improves.
    Bee-keeping also suits small and landless farmers, because it needs little land and a limited investment. With some training, a family can [(3) manage] twenty or thirty boxes alongside its other work, and many self-help groups now sell honey under their own labels.
    Bee populations, however, are under pressure. The careless spraying of pesticides [(4) nourishes] bees as they feed, and the loss of wild flowering plants leaves them with less food. Experts advise farmers to spray only when it is truly necessary and to do so in the evening, when the bees have [(5) left] to their hives. Simple steps of this kind can protect these tireless workers, on whom so much of our food depends.

Which word should replace the word in bracket (2)?

✓✗In the following passage, some words are given in brackets and numbered. Each bracketed word may or may not be appropriate in the context of the passage. Choose the word that should replace it to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. If the given word is appropriate, choose 'No replacement required'.
Honeybees do far more than make honey. As they move from flower to flower, they carry pollen that helps plants form fruits and seeds. Crops such as mustard, sunflower and apples give far better harvests when bees are [(1) absent]. Farmers who keep a few boxes of bees near their fields therefore gain [(2) nothing]: they sell honey and wax, and their crop output improves.
    Bee-keeping also suits small and landless farmers, because it needs little land and a limited investment. With some training, a family can [(3) manage] twenty or thirty boxes alongside its other work, and many self-help groups now sell honey under their own labels.
    Bee populations, however, are under pressure. The careless spraying of pesticides [(4) nourishes] bees as they feed, and the loss of wild flowering plants leaves them with less food. Experts advise farmers to spray only when it is truly necessary and to do so in the evening, when the bees have [(5) left] to their hives. Simple steps of this kind can protect these tireless workers, on whom so much of our food depends.

Which word should replace the word in bracket (3)?

✓✗In the following passage, some words are given in brackets and numbered. Each bracketed word may or may not be appropriate in the context of the passage. Choose the word that should replace it to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. If the given word is appropriate, choose 'No replacement required'.
Honeybees do far more than make honey. As they move from flower to flower, they carry pollen that helps plants form fruits and seeds. Crops such as mustard, sunflower and apples give far better harvests when bees are [(1) absent]. Farmers who keep a few boxes of bees near their fields therefore gain [(2) nothing]: they sell honey and wax, and their crop output improves.
    Bee-keeping also suits small and landless farmers, because it needs little land and a limited investment. With some training, a family can [(3) manage] twenty or thirty boxes alongside its other work, and many self-help groups now sell honey under their own labels.
    Bee populations, however, are under pressure. The careless spraying of pesticides [(4) nourishes] bees as they feed, and the loss of wild flowering plants leaves them with less food. Experts advise farmers to spray only when it is truly necessary and to do so in the evening, when the bees have [(5) left] to their hives. Simple steps of this kind can protect these tireless workers, on whom so much of our food depends.

Which word should replace the word in bracket (4)?

✓✗In the following passage, some words are given in brackets and numbered. Each bracketed word may or may not be appropriate in the context of the passage. Choose the word that should replace it to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. If the given word is appropriate, choose 'No replacement required'.
Honeybees do far more than make honey. As they move from flower to flower, they carry pollen that helps plants form fruits and seeds. Crops such as mustard, sunflower and apples give far better harvests when bees are [(1) absent]. Farmers who keep a few boxes of bees near their fields therefore gain [(2) nothing]: they sell honey and wax, and their crop output improves.
    Bee-keeping also suits small and landless farmers, because it needs little land and a limited investment. With some training, a family can [(3) manage] twenty or thirty boxes alongside its other work, and many self-help groups now sell honey under their own labels.
    Bee populations, however, are under pressure. The careless spraying of pesticides [(4) nourishes] bees as they feed, and the loss of wild flowering plants leaves them with less food. Experts advise farmers to spray only when it is truly necessary and to do so in the evening, when the bees have [(5) left] to their hives. Simple steps of this kind can protect these tireless workers, on whom so much of our food depends.

Which word should replace the word in bracket (5)?

✓✗In the following sentence, there is a blank. Choose the word that best fills the blank to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct.
The new app has made it possible to _____ complaints within forty-eight hours instead of two weeks.

✓✗In the following question, Column I has three sentence beginnings (A, B, C) and Column II has three sentence endings (D, E, F). Choose the option that gives the correct combination(s), each forming a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.

Column I	Column II
(A) The engineers inspected the dam	(D) tasted delicious with hot coffee.
(B) My brother and his wife	(E) before the gates were opened.
(C) The cake that you baked	(F) lives in a small flat in Kochi.

✓✗Read the sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical or idiomatic error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (e), i.e. 'No error'. (Ignore errors of punctuation, if any.)
Beside English, (a)/ she speaks (b)/ four other (c)/ languages fluently. (d)/ No error (e)

✓✗In the following sentence, a phrase is given in brackets. Choose the option that should replace the bracketed phrase to make the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful. If the bracketed phrase is correct, choose 'No replacement required'.
The officer told us that the branch [has closed] an hour earlier.

✓✗Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in quotes in the questions to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
When a factory burns coal, it pays for the coal but not for the damage its smoke causes to the climate. That cost is spread across everyone, including people not yet born. Economists call such a cost an externality. A carbon price tries to correct it by making polluters pay for each tonne of carbon dioxide they release, either through a tax or through a market in which firms buy and sell permits to emit.
    The appeal of the idea lies in its flexibility. Instead of telling each firm exactly which machine to install, the government sets a price and lets firms decide how to respond. A steel plant that can cut emissions cheaply will do so, while one for which cutting is very costly may choose to pay. In theory, this achieves a given reduction in emissions at the lowest total cost to the economy.
    Practice is more complicated. A carbon price raises the cost of electricity and fuel, and poorer households, who spend a larger share of their income on these items, feel the pinch most. Industries that compete with foreign producers worry that they will lose business to countries without such a price. If the price is set too low to avoid these complaints, it changes little behaviour; if it is set high, it may face strong public resistance.
    Countries that have made carbon pricing work have usually paid attention to how the money is used. Some return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers, so that most families are no worse off. Others use it to fund clean energy or to reduce other taxes. The lesson is that the price is only half the policy. How the revenue is spent largely decides whether the public accepts the price or rejects it.

As used in the passage, an 'externality' is

✓✗Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in quotes in the questions to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
When a factory burns coal, it pays for the coal but not for the damage its smoke causes to the climate. That cost is spread across everyone, including people not yet born. Economists call such a cost an externality. A carbon price tries to correct it by making polluters pay for each tonne of carbon dioxide they release, either through a tax or through a market in which firms buy and sell permits to emit.
    The appeal of the idea lies in its flexibility. Instead of telling each firm exactly which machine to install, the government sets a price and lets firms decide how to respond. A steel plant that can cut emissions cheaply will do so, while one for which cutting is very costly may choose to pay. In theory, this achieves a given reduction in emissions at the lowest total cost to the economy.
    Practice is more complicated. A carbon price raises the cost of electricity and fuel, and poorer households, who spend a larger share of their income on these items, feel the pinch most. Industries that compete with foreign producers worry that they will lose business to countries without such a price. If the price is set too low to avoid these complaints, it changes little behaviour; if it is set high, it may face strong public resistance.
    Countries that have made carbon pricing work have usually paid attention to how the money is used. Some return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers, so that most families are no worse off. Others use it to fund clean energy or to reduce other taxes. The lesson is that the price is only half the policy. How the revenue is spent largely decides whether the public accepts the price or rejects it.

According to the passage, why can a carbon price achieve a reduction in emissions at a low total cost?

✓✗Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in quotes in the questions to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
When a factory burns coal, it pays for the coal but not for the damage its smoke causes to the climate. That cost is spread across everyone, including people not yet born. Economists call such a cost an externality. A carbon price tries to correct it by making polluters pay for each tonne of carbon dioxide they release, either through a tax or through a market in which firms buy and sell permits to emit.
    The appeal of the idea lies in its flexibility. Instead of telling each firm exactly which machine to install, the government sets a price and lets firms decide how to respond. A steel plant that can cut emissions cheaply will do so, while one for which cutting is very costly may choose to pay. In theory, this achieves a given reduction in emissions at the lowest total cost to the economy.
    Practice is more complicated. A carbon price raises the cost of electricity and fuel, and poorer households, who spend a larger share of their income on these items, feel the pinch most. Industries that compete with foreign producers worry that they will lose business to countries without such a price. If the price is set too low to avoid these complaints, it changes little behaviour; if it is set high, it may face strong public resistance.
    Countries that have made carbon pricing work have usually paid attention to how the money is used. Some return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers, so that most families are no worse off. Others use it to fund clean energy or to reduce other taxes. The lesson is that the price is only half the policy. How the revenue is spent largely decides whether the public accepts the price or rejects it.

Which of the following statements is/are true according to the passage?
I. Poorer households feel the effect of a carbon price least.
II. Under carbon pricing, the government tells each firm which machine to install.
III. Some countries return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers.

✓✗Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in quotes in the questions to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
When a factory burns coal, it pays for the coal but not for the damage its smoke causes to the climate. That cost is spread across everyone, including people not yet born. Economists call such a cost an externality. A carbon price tries to correct it by making polluters pay for each tonne of carbon dioxide they release, either through a tax or through a market in which firms buy and sell permits to emit.
    The appeal of the idea lies in its flexibility. Instead of telling each firm exactly which machine to install, the government sets a price and lets firms decide how to respond. A steel plant that can cut emissions cheaply will do so, while one for which cutting is very costly may choose to pay. In theory, this achieves a given reduction in emissions at the lowest total cost to the economy.
    Practice is more complicated. A carbon price raises the cost of electricity and fuel, and poorer households, who spend a larger share of their income on these items, feel the pinch most. Industries that compete with foreign producers worry that they will lose business to countries without such a price. If the price is set too low to avoid these complaints, it changes little behaviour; if it is set high, it may face strong public resistance.
    Countries that have made carbon pricing work have usually paid attention to how the money is used. Some return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers, so that most families are no worse off. Others use it to fund clean energy or to reduce other taxes. The lesson is that the price is only half the policy. How the revenue is spent largely decides whether the public accepts the price or rejects it.

Which of the following is most similar in meaning to the word 'pinch' as used in the passage?

✓✗Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in quotes in the questions to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
When a factory burns coal, it pays for the coal but not for the damage its smoke causes to the climate. That cost is spread across everyone, including people not yet born. Economists call such a cost an externality. A carbon price tries to correct it by making polluters pay for each tonne of carbon dioxide they release, either through a tax or through a market in which firms buy and sell permits to emit.
    The appeal of the idea lies in its flexibility. Instead of telling each firm exactly which machine to install, the government sets a price and lets firms decide how to respond. A steel plant that can cut emissions cheaply will do so, while one for which cutting is very costly may choose to pay. In theory, this achieves a given reduction in emissions at the lowest total cost to the economy.
    Practice is more complicated. A carbon price raises the cost of electricity and fuel, and poorer households, who spend a larger share of their income on these items, feel the pinch most. Industries that compete with foreign producers worry that they will lose business to countries without such a price. If the price is set too low to avoid these complaints, it changes little behaviour; if it is set high, it may face strong public resistance.
    Countries that have made carbon pricing work have usually paid attention to how the money is used. Some return part of the revenue to households as cash transfers, so that most families are no worse off. Others use it to fund clean energy or to reduce other taxes. The lesson is that the price is only half the policy. How the revenue is spent largely decides whether the public accepts the price or rejects it.

Which of the following is the main lesson the author draws in the last paragraph?