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The breakdown of the proton gradient provides energy that causes a conformational change in

(a) the CF₁ particle of ATP synthase Correct
(b) RuBisCO Your answer
(c) the CF₀ particle only Your answer
(d) PS II Your answer

Your answer: Correct answer: (a)

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Explanation

Why (a) is correct

The energy released by the breakdown of the proton gradient causes a conformational change in the CF₁ particle of ATP synthase, which then makes ATP.

Why the other options are wrong

(b) · your answer RuBisCO is not part of ATP synthesis.
(c) · your answer CF₀ is the proton channel; the ATP-making change is in CF₁.
(d) · your answer PS II is not changed by the proton gradient.

NCERT point: This is how the chemiosmotic gradient is linked to ATP synthesis.

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