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The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane results in

(a) a lower pH in the lumen than in the stroma Correct
(b) equal pH on both sides Your answer
(c) a higher pH in the lumen than in the stroma Your answer
(d) an accumulation of electrons in the stroma Your answer

Your answer: Correct answer: (a)

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Explanation

Why (a) is correct

Protons accumulate in the lumen, so the lumen becomes more acidic: its pH is lower than that of the stroma.

Why the other options are wrong

(b) · your answer A gradient means the pH is not equal.
(c) · your answer The lumen has more protons, so lower pH.
(d) · your answer The gradient is of protons, not electrons.

NCERT point: More H⁺ = lower pH.

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