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The CF1 part of ATP synthase

  • (a) protrudes from the membrane into the stroma Correct
  • (b) forms the proton channel across the membrane Your answer
  • (c) lies in the outer membrane of the chloroplast Your answer
  • (d) faces the thylakoid lumen and binds water Your answer
Your answer: Correct answer: (a)
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Explanation

Why (a) is correct

CF1 protrudes from the thylakoid membrane into the stroma. Its conformation changes as protons flow, and ATP is made there.

Why the other options are wrong

  • (b) · your answer The proton channel is CF0.
  • (c) · your answer ATP synthase is in the thylakoid membrane, not the outer membrane.
  • (d) · your answer CF1 faces the stroma, not the lumen.
NCERT point: ATP is therefore released into the stroma.
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